Respiratory System MCQs
Mastering the human respiratory system is a vital step for any biology student or competitive exam aspirant. From the mechanics of breathing to the intricate process of gas exchange at the cellular level, understanding how our body breathes is essential for exams like NEET UG, nursing, paramedical course exam and government recruitment tests.
In this comprehensive Respiratory System Quiz, we have curated over 65 high-quality Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs). These questions cover critical topics such as Lung Volumes (Tidal Volume, Vital Capacity), Alveoli function, Hemoglobin's role in oxygen transport, and the Bohr/Haldane effects.
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Q. 1: How many membrane surrounds each lobe of the lungs ?
A) 1
B) 2
C) 3
D) 4
EXPLANATION: Two membrane that called 'pleura', surrounds eash lobe of the lungs. These are visceral and parietal pleura.
Q. 2: Which of the following membrane, that cover the lobes of lungs ?
A) Pericardium
B) Pleura
C) Endocardium
D) None of these
EXPLANATION: Two membrane that called 'pleura', surrounds eash lobe of the lungs. These are visceral and parietal pleura.
Q. 3: Where present in pleural cavity ?
A) Heart
B) Lungs
C) Brain
D) All of These
EXPLANATION: The pleural cavity founds between Lungs's membrane.
Q. 4: Where in found pleural cavity ?
A) Between pericardium and endocardium
B) Between visceral and parietal pleura
C) Between visceral and parietal pericardium
D) Both A and C
EXPLANATION: The pleural cavity found in lung's visceral and parietal pleural.
Q. 5: The volume of the pleural fluid is ?
A) 14-20 mL
B) 25-30 mL
C) 5-10 mL
D) 1-2 Liter
EXPLANATION: The volume of the pleural fluid is 3-4 teaspoons (14-20 mL).
Q. 6: Which of the following biological system used for gas exchange through breathing ?
A) Reproductive system
B) Respiratory system
C) Pharynx
D) All of these
EXPLANATION: Respiratory system used for gas exchange through breathing.
Q. 7: Which of the following process in which air moves in and out into the lungs is know as: ?
A) Lungs
B) Larynx
C) Breathing
D) All of these
EXPLANATION: The process in which air moves in and out into the lungs called as breathing.
Q. 8: Which of the following process in which CO2 remove from blood into environment ?
A) Breathing
B) Inspiration
C) Expiration
D) Both A and C
EXPLANATION: During breathing; a process is called expiration, in which CO2 remove from blood into environment.
Q. 9: Which of the following process in which O2 mix in blood through breathing ?
A) External Respiration
B) Inspiration
C) Expiration
D) Both A and C
EXPLANATION: The process in which O2 mix in blood through breathing is called Inspiration.
Q. 10: How many types of Breathing ?
A) Two: External and internal respiration
B) Two: Expiration and internal respiration
C) Two: External respiration and inspiration
D) Two: Inspiration and Expiration
EXPLANATION: The two type, inspiration and expiration are type of breathing.
Q. 11: How many types of Respiration ?
A) Two: External and internal respiration
B) Two: Expiration and internal respiration
C) Two: External respiration and inspiration
D) Two: Inspiration and Expiration
EXPLANATION: External respiration and internal respiration are the type of respiration.
Q. 12: Which of the following is known as breathing ?
A) Respiration
B) External respiration
C) Internal respiration
D) Only expiration
EXPLANATION: The external respiration is known as breathing; in which lungs remove the CO2 from blood and mix oxygen into blood.
Q. 13: Which of the following option is correct about internal respiration ?
A) Is tissue/cellular respiration
B) Break down substance to release energy
C) Done in cytoplasm and mitochondria
D) All of these
EXPLANATION: All of these options are correct about internal respiration.
Q. 14: In which of the following, the ribs moved downwards and inwards, and diaphragm moves upward ?
A) Inspiration
B) External respiration
C) Internal respiration
D) Only expiration
EXPLANATION: In expiration, the ribs moved downwards and inwards because the external intercostal muscles relax, internal intercostal muscles contract and diaphragm moves upward.
Q. 15: In which of the following, the ribs moved upwards and outwards, and diaphragm moves downward ?
A) Inspiration
B) External respiration
C) Internal respiration
D) Only expiration
EXPLANATION: In Inspiration, the ribs moved upwards and outwards because the external intercostal muscles contract, internal intercostal muscles relaxed and diaphragm moves downward.
Q. 16: What is function of the sinuses ?
A) Regulate temperature of breath's air
B) Regulate humidity of breath's air
C) Give tone to voice
D) All of these
EXPLANATION: All of these are function of the sinuses.
Q. 17: Which of the following option is incorrect about pharynx ?
A) It is tract of air and meals
B) It is windpipe
C) Length about 5 inches
D) Located behind nose to epiglotis
EXPLANATION: Trachea is called also windpipe.
Q. 18: Where cilia is present in respiratory tract ?
A) Lungs
B) Alveoli
C) Trachea, Bronchus / Bronchioles
D) Pharynx
EXPLANATION: The trachea and bronchioles are lined by simple cuboidal ciliated epitheliume. Cilia move in rhythm to push mucus out of your trachea so that you either expel or swallow it.
Q. 19: Where does the exchange of gases take place in respiration ?
A) Trachea
B) Alveoli
C) Bronchioles
D) Pharynx
EXPLANATION: Exchange of gases takes place in alveoli during respiration.
Q. 20: Approximately number of alveoli present in human's lungs ?
A) 300 – 800 million in the two lungs
B) 600 – 800 million in the one lungs
C) 6 – 8 million in the two lungs
D) 77 million in the two lungs
EXPLANATION: Approximately 300 – 800 million alveoli present in the two lungs of a human.
Q. 21: What is the amount of air that enters and leaves the lungs during each normal breath ?
A) 1200 mL
B) 600 mL
C) 500 mL
D) 3100 mL
EXPLANATION: The amount of air that enters and leaves the lungs during each normal breath; is 500 mL and it is called "Tidal volume (TV)".
Q. 22: Except the TV air, what is the amount of air that can forcefully take in one breath ?
A) Tidal volume (TV)= 500 mL
B) Inspiratory reserve volume (IRV)= 3100 mL
C) Expiratory reserve volume (ERV)= 1200 mL
D) Residual volume (RV)= 1200 mL
EXPLANATION: Except the TV air, the amount of air that can forcefully take in one breath, is called Inspiratory reserve volume (IRV)= 3100 mL.
Q. 23: Except the TV air, what is the amount of air that can forcefully exhale in one breath ?
A) Tidal volume (TV)= 500 mL
B) Inspiratory reserve volume (IRV)= 3100 mL
C) Expiratory reserve volume (ERV)= 1200 mL
D) Residual volume (RV)= 1200 mL
EXPLANATION: Except the TV air, the amount of air that can forcefully exhale in one breath, is called expiratory reserve volume (ERV)= 1200 mL.
Q. 24: What is the amount of air that remains in the lungs even after a one forceful exhalation ?
A) Tidal volume (TV)= 500 mL
B) Inspiratory reserve volume (IRV)= 3100 mL
C) Expiratory reserve volume (ERV)= 1200 mL
D) Residual volume (RV)= 1200 mL
EXPLANATION: The amount of air that remains in the lungs even after a one forceful exhalation, is called Residual volume (RV)= 1200 mL.
Q. 25: What is the total amount of air that can be filled in the lungs by maximum effort ?
A) Total lung capacity (TLC)= 6000mL
B) Inspiratory capacity (IC)= 3600mL
C) Functional residual capacity = 2400mL
D) Vital capacity (VC)= 4800mL
EXPLANATION: The total amount of air that can be filled in the lungs by maximum effort; is inspiratory capacity (IC)= 3600mL.
Q. 26: What is the amount of air that remains in the lungs after a normal exhalation ?
A) Total lung capacity (TLC)= 6000mL
B) Tidal volume (TV) = 500 mL
C) FRC = 2400mL
D) Vital capacity (VC)= 4800mL
EXPLANATION: The amount of air that remains in the lungs after a normal exhalation, if called 'Functional residual capacity (FRC)' = 2400mL.
Q. 27: What is the amount of air which is filled in the lungs with full effort and exhaled from the lungs with full effort ?
A) Total lung capacity (TLC)= 6000mL
B) Tidal volume (TV) = 500 mL
C) FRC = 2400mL
D) Vital capacity (VC)= 4800mL
EXPLANATION: The amount of air which is filled in the lungs with full effort and exhaled from the lungs with full effort; is called Vital capacity (VC)= 4800mL.
Q. 28: What is the total amount of air that can be filled in the lungs ?
A) Total lung capacity (TLC)= 6000mL
B) Tidal volume (TV) = 500 mL
C) FRC = 2400mL
D) Vital capacity (VC)= 4800mL
EXPLANATION: The total amount of air that can be filled in the lungs, is the Total lung capacity (TLC)= 6000mL.
Q. 29: What is the total amount of air that can be filled in the lungs ?
A) About 6000 mL
B) About 500 mL
C) About 6 Liters
D) Both A and C
EXPLANATION: The total amount of air that can be filled in the lungs = About 6000 mL / 6 Liters
Q. 30: Which of the following option is incorrect about respiratory capacity ?
A) IC = TV + IRV
B) FRC = RV + ERV
C) VC = IRV + ERV + TV
D) TLC = TV + RV
EXPLANATION: TLC = VC + RV = TV + IRV + ERV + RV
Q. 31: What is PO2 of unpurified blood in lungs and tissue ?
A) 40 mmHg
B) 46 mmHg
C) 104 mmHg
D) 97 mmHg
EXPLANATION: The PO2 (Partial pressure of oxygen) of unpurified blood in lungs and tissue is 40 mmHg.
Q. 32: What is PO2 of alveoli's air and in alveoli ?
A) 40 mmHg
B) 46 mmHg
C) 104 mmHg
D) 97 mmHg
EXPLANATION: The PO2 (Partial pressure of oxygen) of alveoli's air and in alveoli is 104 mmHg.
Q. 33: What is PCO2 of alveoli's air and in alveoli ?
A) 40 mmHg
B) 46 mmHg
C) 104 mmHg
D) 97 mmHg
EXPLANATION: The PCO2 (Partial pressure of CO2) of alveoli's air and in alveoli is 40 mmHg.
Q. 34: What is PCO2 of unpurified blood in lungs and tissue ?
A) 40 mmHg
B) 46 mmHg
C) 104 mmHg
D) 97 mmHg
EXPLANATION: The PCO2 (Partial pressure of CO2) of unpurified blood in lungs and tissue, is 46 mmHg.
Q. 35: Which of the following form to oxygen is carried in blood by ?
A) Hemoglobin (98.5%) + Plasma (7%)
B) Hemoglobin (1.5%) + Plasma (98.5%)
C) Hemoglobin (98.5%) + Plasma (1.5%)
D) Hemoglobin (70%) + Plasma (7%)
EXPLANATION: Oxygen is carried in blood by bound with hemoglobin (98.5%) and dissolved in the plasma (1.5%).
Q. 36: Number of oxygen molecules bind to one hemoglobin ?
A) 1
B) 2
C) 3
D) 4
EXPLANATION: Four oxygen molecules bind to one hemoglobin during oxygen transportation.
Q. 37: What is oxygenation of hemoglobin ?
A) Oxygen release from hemoglobin
B) Oxygen bind with hemoglobin
C) Both
D) None of these
EXPLANATION: When oxygen bind with hemoglobin, the process is called oxygenation of hemoglobin.
Q. 38: Which of the following option is incorrect about transportation of CO2 in blood ?
A) Hemoglobin (98.5%) + Plasma (7%)
B) Hemoglobin (23%) + Plasma (7%)
C) Bicarbonate (70%) + Plasma (7%)
D) Dissolved in Plasma (7%)
EXPLANATION: CO2 is carried in blood by bound with hemoglobin (23%) as carbaminohemoglobin, and dissolved in the plasma (7%), and convert bicarbonate ions (70%).
Q. 39: What is the transport of CO2 in the blood the most ?
A) Hemoglobin
B) Bicarbonate
C) Plasma
D) None of these
EXPLANATION: The transport of CO2 in the blood the most way to form Bicarbonate.
Q. 40: Which of the following enzyme induce to formation of carbonic acid from CO2 and H2O ?
A) Catalase
B) Carbonic anhydrase
C) Anhydrase
D) All of these
EXPLANATION: The carbonic anhydrase induce to formation of carbonic acid from CO2 and H2O.
Q. 41: Oxy-haemoglobin dissociation curve describe relationships between ?
A) Hemoglobin's PCO2 and % saturation
B) Hemoglobin's PO2 and % saturation
C) Plasma's PO2 and % saturation
D) Bicarbonate's PO2 and % saturation
EXPLANATION: Oxy-haemoglobin dissociation curve describe relationships between hemoglobin's partial pressure (PO2) and % saturation.
Q. 42: The amount of hemoglobin that has take up oxygen is called ?
A) Oxyhemoglobin
B) Partial pressure
C) Percentage saturation
D) All of these
EXPLANATION: The amount of hemoglobin that has take up oxygen is called Percentage saturation.
Q. 43: Which of the following partial pressure's point has maximum percentage saturation of hemoglobin ?
A) 98 mmHg
B) 90 mmHg
C) 110 mmHg
D) 13.5 mmHg
EXPLANATION: 110 mmHg is the partial pressure's point has maximum percentage saturation of hemoglobin.
Q. 44: When haemoglobin bind with oxygen, then called ?
A) Oxidation
B) Oxyhemoglobin
C) Carbaminohemoglobin
D) Carboxyhemoglobin
EXPLANATION: When haemoglobin bind with oxygen, then called oxyhemoglobin.
Q. 45: When haemoglobin bind with CO2, then called ?
A) Oxidation
B) Oxyhemoglobin
C) Carbaminohemoglobin
D) Carboxyhemoglobin
EXPLANATION: When haemoglobin bind with CO2, then called carbaminohemoglobin.
Q. 46: Which of the following factor affects to oxy-haemoglobin dissociation curve ?
A) Body temperature
B) Blood pH
C) Both
D) None of these
EXPLANATION: Body temperature and blood pH affects to oxy-haemoglobin dissociation curve.
Q. 47: Which of the following option incorrect about, when oxy-haemoglobin dissociation curve shift to the right ?
A) Due to increase body temperature
B) Due to decrease blood pH
C) Oxygen release from hemoglobin
D) Due to decrease H+ ions
EXPLANATION: Due to decrease H+ ions / increase pH of blood, oxy-haemoglobin dissociation curve shift to the left.
Q. 48: Which of the following option correct about, when oxy-haemoglobin dissociation curve shift to the left ?
A) Due to decrease body temperature
B) Due to Increase blood pH
C) Oxygen bind with hemoglobin
D) All of these
EXPLANATION: Due to decrease H+ ions / increase pH of blood, and decrease body temperature, oxy-haemoglobin dissociation curve shift to the left.
Q. 49: Which of the following option correct about, Bohar effect ?
A) Shift right to O.H.D.C
B) Oxygen release from hemoglobin
C) Commonly seen in tissue
D) All of these
EXPLANATION: All of these options correct about, Bohar effect.
Q. 50: What is the normal breathing rate in adult humans ?
A) 8-10 / minutes
B) 12-15 / minutes
C) 20-25 / minutes
D) 20 / minutes
EXPLANATION: Normal breathing rate in adult humans = 12-15 / minutes
Q. 51: What is the normal breathing rate in infants ?
A) 8-10 / minutes
B) 12-15 / minutes
C) 40-44 / minutes
D) 25 / minutes
EXPLANATION: Normal breathing rate in infants = 40-44 / minutes
Q. 52: Approximately how much oxygen is bound to hemoglobin in 100 mL of pure blood ?
A) 20 mL
B) 40 mL
C) 60 mL
D) 80 mL
EXPLANATION: Approximately 20 mL oxygen is bound to hemoglobin in 100 mL of pure blood.
Q. 53: What is the approximate amount of hemoglobin in 100 mL of pure blood in adults healthy human ?
A) 10 g
B) 15 g
C) 20 g
D) 5 g
EXPLANATION: Approximate amount of hemoglobin in 100 mL of pure blood in adults healthy human = 15g, (Fetus = 16-18 gm/dl, Newborn = 20-24 gm/dl, Adult female = 12-14 gm/dl, Adult male = 14-16 gm/dl).
Q. 54: Approximately how much oxygen is bound to 1 gram of hemoglobin ?
A) 1 mL
B) 1.34 mL
C) 0.2 mL
D) 5 mL
EXPLANATION: About 1.34 mL oxygen is bound to 1 gram of hemoglobin.
Q. 55: What is the amount of carbon dioxide in 100 mL of impure blood ?
A) 20 mL
B) 4 mL
C) 60 mL
D) 5 mL
EXPLANATION: Every 100 ml of deoxygenated blood delivers about 4 ml of CO2 to the alveoli.
Q. 56: How much oxygen is delivered by 100 ml of oxygenated blood to the tissues under normal physiological conditions ?
A) 10 mL
B) 34 mL
C) 70 mL
D) 5 mL
EXPLANATION: Every 100 mL of oxygenated blood can deliver around 5ml of O2 to the tissues under normal physiological conditions.
Q. 57: How much energy is released from complete oxidation of one glucose molecule ?
A) 673 kcal
B) 2900 kJ
C) 38 ATP
D) All of these
EXPLANATION: All of these options are correct.
Q. 58: How much energy is released from the hydrolysis of one ATP molecule ?
A) 7.3 kcal/mol
B) 300 kcal/mol
C) 10 kcal/mol
D) 44.3 kcal/mol
EXPLANATION: The hydrolysis of one ATP molecule releases 7.3 kcal/mol of energy.
Q. 59: The normal amount of gases in atmospheric air is ?
A) N2= 70%, O2= 21%, CO2= 7%
B) N2= 78.98%, O2= 20.98%, CO2= 0.04%
C) N2= 70%, O2= 21%, H2O= 7%
D) All of these
EXPLANATION: The normal amount of gases in atmospheric air is N2= 78.98%, O2= 20.98%, CO2= 0.04%, H2O= 0%.
Q. 60: What is the normal amount of gases in exhaled air by human ?
A) N2= 70%, O2= 21%, CO2= 7%
B) N2= 78.98%, O2= 20.98%, CO2= 0.04%
C) N2= 74.5%, O2= 15.7%, CO2= 3.6%
D) All of these
EXPLANATION: The normal amount of gases in exhaled air by human, is N2= 74.5%, O2= 15.7%, CO2= 3.6% and H2O= 6.2%.
Q. 61: What is the RQ of protiens ?
A) 0.6
B) 0.7
C) 0.9
D) 1.0
EXPLANATION: RQ of protiens = 0.9
Q. 62: What is the RQ of fats ?
A) 0.6
B) 0.7
C) 0.9
D) 1.0
EXPLANATION: RQ of fats = 0.7
Q. 63: Which of the following option is correct about chloride or hamburger shift ?
A) Induced from bicarbonate ions expulsion
B) Cl- ions enter RBCs from plasma
C) Maintain electrical neutrality
D) All of these
EXPLANATION: All of these option are correct about chloride or hamburger shift.
Q. 64: Which of the following option is incorrect about Lungs ?
A) Right lung divided into 3 lobes
B) Left lung divided into 4 lobes
C) Lungs covered by pleura
D) Two lungs found in human
EXPLANATION: Left lung divided into 2 lobes.
Q. 65: Which of the following option incorrect about, Haldan effect ?
A) Described by John Scott Haldane
B) Oxygen release from hemoglobin
C) Seen in Lung's respiratoty sites
D) Help transports of CO2
EXPLANATION: In Haldan effect, CO2 release from hemoglobin.
Q. 66: The R.Q. (Respiratory Exchange Ratio / Respiratory quotient) is the ratio of ?
A) CO2 output rate / O2 intake rate
B) O2 output rate / CO2 intake rate
C) ERV / IRV
D) FRC / TV
EXPLANATION: The R.Q. (Respiratory Exchange Ratio / Respiratory quotient) is the ratio of CO2 output rate and O2 intake rate.
Q. 67: What is the RQ of carbohydrates ?
A) 0.6
B) 0.7
C) 0.9
D) 1.0
EXPLANATION: RQ of carbohydrate = 1.0
Q. 68: Which of the following is chemical formula of hemoglobin ?
A) C2952 H9964 N3248 O812 S8 Fe4
B) C2952 H4464 N3248 O812 S8 Fe4
C) C2952 H4464 N3248 O812 S8 Fe8
D) C2952 H4464 N3248 O812 S16 Fe4
EXPLANATION: The chemical formula of hemoglobin = C2952 H4464 N3248 O812 S8 Fe4
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