Diseases of Eyelids - Notes

Diseases of Eyelids Eyelid diseases can affect the structure, function, and appearance of the eyelids, leading to discomfort, vision problems, or cosmetic concerns. Below are the definitions, causes, clinical features, investigations, and management of common eyelid disorders. 1. Ptosis Definition: Drooping of the upper eyelid that partially or completely covers the eye. Causes Congenital Due to levator muscle dysfunction or abnormal development. Acquired Neurogenic (e.g., third nerve palsy), myogenic (e.g., myasthenia gravis), aponeurotic (age-related), or mechanical (tumors). Signs and Symptoms Drooping eyelid. Reduced visual field. Compensatory chin elevation or forehead wrinkling. Investigations Clinical examination (levator function test, lid crease measurement). Neurological evaluation if neurogenic cause suspected. Imaging if tumors or trauma suspected. Management Congenital: Surgical correction (levator resection or frontalis suspension). Acquired: Treat underlying …